Fluid pressure operated motor



Aug. 27, 1940. w. WOOD 2,212,871

FLUID PRESSURE OPERATED MOTOR Filed 0a.. 29, 1938 2 Sheets-Shoot 1 IIIJI II HIII Fig.1

gwvcmo b WHLLFICE H. W000 mmarm Aug. 27, 1940. w. H. WOOD 2,212,871 I FLUID PRESSURE OPERATED uo'ron Filed,0ct. 29, 1932 2 sham-gan a Patented Aug 27,1940 I FLUID PRESSURE OPERATED MOTOR Wallace H. Wood, Worcester, Mass, assignor to Norton Company, Worcester, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts 9 Application october 29, 1938, Serial No. 237,654

'3 Claims. (Cl. 121-157) The invention relates to fluid pressure operated motors, and more particularly to a relatively small high speed reciprocatory fluid motor.

One object of the invention is to provide a simthe drawings, is a piston type shuttle valve comtherewithvalve pistons 3|, 32 and 33.

The valve stem 23 of the pilot valve 15 isactu- 5 ple, thoroughly practical fluid pressure motor. ated by the movement of the piston i2 through 5 A further object of the invention is to provide a an adjustable member, such as a collar 35, which simple, compact, high speed reciprocatory fluid is adju'stably mounted on the valve stem 23 by a pressure operated motor. A further object oi set screw 36.- The pilot valve stem 23 is prothe invention is to provide a small, compact, highl Vided with a'pair of spaced adjustable dogs or speed fluid motor capable of transmitting a. rapid collars 31 and 38 which are adjustably secured l0 reciprocatory stroke. A further object of,the inon the valve stem 23 by set screws 39 and 40, vention is to provide a control valve for a fluid respectively. The piston i 2, through the collar motor comprising a hollow pilot valve having a 35, engages either the collar 31 or the collar 38 shuttle valve contained therein which serves as a to shift the pilot valve l5 to initiate a reversal reversing valve. Other objects will be in part in direction of movement oi. the piston l2. The 15 obvious or in part pointed out hereinafter. pilot valve l5 will be moved'at a rapid rate from The invention accordingly consists in the tea.- one position to the other, this rate of movement tures of" constructions, combinations of elements, being substantially equal to the rate of moveand arrangements of parts, as will be exemplified ment of the piston l2. During this movement in thestructure to be hereinafter described, and of the pilot valve 15, the shuttle or reversing 20 the scope of the application of which will be invalve 30 is moved at the same rate. After the dicated in the following claims. reverse port of the pilot valve has been opened,

. In the accompanying drawings, in which i fluid under pressure continues the movement of shown one of various possible embodiments of the the reversing valve rapidly to shift it into its remechanical features of this invention, verse position with respect to the pilot valve to 25 Fig. 1 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional cause a reversal in direction of flow of the fluid view through the improved fluid pressure operunder pressure to the cylinder II. It will be ated motor; a readily appreciated from the foregoing disclosure Fig. 2is a diagrammatic sectional view through that a high speed reciprocatory movement may the improved motor together with a piping dia be obtained, particularly in cases where ashort 30 gram of the fluid pressure system; and rapid stroke of a piston is desired. By utilizing Fig. 3 is a similar sectional view through the a construction of this typefit is possible to profluid motor, showing the positions of the valves vide a fluid motor whereby a reciprocatory piston 1 as the piston approaches the end of its stroke movement may be translated into a rapid me- 5 toward the l ft chanical movement of machine parts and a rei A fluid pressure operated motor has been llluscip'rocatory stroke of one-sixteenth of an inch trated in the drawings comprising a motor casing may be obtained at the rate of approximately l0 having a cylinder ll formed therein. A piston one thousand oscillations of the piston per I2 is slidably mounted within the cylinder I l and minute.

40 is fixedly connected to one end of a piston rod A fluid pressure system for supplying fluid un- 40 I3 which passes through a cylinder head It and der pressure has been illustrated in Fig. 2 comextends outside the casing in of the motor. A prising a reservoir or sump 50. A fluid pressure pilot valve I5 is slidably mounted within a bore pump 5|, which has been indicated as a gear it within thecasing'lll. The pilot valve I5 is type pump, draws fluid from the reservoir 50,

preferably a piston type valve formed as a hollow through a pipe 52, and passes fluid under pres- 45 tubular member (Fig. 1), to one end of which is sure through a pipe 53 to the motor casing l0. attached a valve stem 23. A plurality of valve An adjustable pressure relief valve 54 is connectpistcns ll, l8, I9, 20, 2| and 22 are formed in-' ed by means of a pipe 55 with the pipe 53 betegral with said tubular member. The other end tween the pump 5| and the motor casing i0.

of the hollow tubular pilot valve [5 is closed by This relief valve 54 serves to'exhaust excess fluid means of a plug 24. An inner cylindrical bore 25 under pressure through the pipe 56 and return of the pilot valve l5 contains a shuttle reversing it to the reservoir 50. valve 30. Fluid under pressure from the pipe 53 enters In order to attain one object of the invention, a passage 60 within the motor casing Ill and 5 it is desirable to provide avalve mechanism which may pass through a passage 6| to a pilot valve is so constructed and arranged that a high speed chamber 62 located between the valve pistons l1 valve action may be obtained to produce a high and 18 or may pass through a passage 63 which speed reciprocatory movement of the piston lit. in the position illustrated in Fig. 2 passes fluid This is accomplished by providing a relatively through pilot valve ports into a chamber 64 lolight weight reversing valve which, as shown in cated within the hollow pilot valve bore. 25, bew tween the shuttle valve piston 33 and the lefthand end of the bore (Fig. 2). fluid to the valve chamber 64 causes the shuttle valve 30 to move toward the left into the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and to maintain it in this position during the movement of the piston I2. In the position of the valves (Fig. 2), fluid entering the pilot valve chamber 62 passes into the hollow bore 25, into a shuttle or reverse valve chamber 66 located between the shuttle valve pistons 3| and 32, and passes out through pilot valve chamber 61 located between the pilot valve pistons I8 and I9 and passes out through passage 68, into a cylinder chamber 69 located at the left-hand end of the cylinder II to produce a movement of the piston I2 toward the right (Figs. 1 and 2). During the movement of the piston I2 toward the right, fluid within a cylinder chamber 10 exhausts through a passage II, through a pilot valve chamber I2, into a shuttle or re verse valve chamber I3 located between the shuttle reverse valve pistons 32 and 33, and passes through a pilot valve chamber I4 located between the pilot valve pistons I9 and 20, and through a passage 15 and a pipe 16 which exhausts into the reservoir 50.

The movement of the piston l2 continues toward the right (Figs. 1 and 2) until the collar 35 engages the collar 38 and moves the pilot valve I5 toward the right into the position illustrated in Fig. 3. When the pilot valve I5 moves toward the right, the reverse or shuttle valve 30 is carried therewith at the same rate of speed. The throttle or reverse valveremains in the same position relative to the pilot valve I5, as shown in Fig. 2, until the pilot valve I5 assumes the end position, as illustrated in Fig. 3. In this position of the parts, fluid under pressure is admitted through the passage BI and into a shuttle or reverse valve chamber 8Q located within the bore 25 of the pilot valve I5 between the valve piston 3| and the end of said hollow aperture and serves to shift the shuttle valve 30 toward the right (Fig. 3) so as to reverse the flow of fluid to the cylinder II and to admit fluid under pressure to the cylinder chamber 10 to produce a movement of the piston I2 toward the left (Fig. 3). During the movement of the piston I2 toward the left, fluid within the cylinder chamber 69 is exhausted through the passage 88, through the pilot valve and reverse valve chambers, and outthrough the passage I5 and the pipe 16 into the reservoir 50. A combined stop, start and throttle valve BI is provided to control the stopping, starting and speed of the motor. This valve may be located in either the intake or exhaust side of the fluid pressure system. In the preferred construction, the combined stop, start and throttle valve BI is located in the exhaust pipe line I6 so as to regulate the exhaust of fluid from the motor casing I I] and thereby facilitate an adjustment of the speed of reciprocation of the piston I2, and also to facilitate stopping and starting said motor.

This improved fluid pressure operated motor is particularly adapted for use where a small amount of power transmission is desired and where a high speed reciprocatory stroke is required.

The operation of this fluid pressure motor will be readily apparent from the foregoing disclosure. The collars 3'! and 38 are adjusted longitudinally on the valve stem 23 so that the re- Admission of quired length of reciprocatory stroke is obtained. By .varying the position of the collars 31 and 38, not only the extent of the reciprocatory stroke but the relative position of the stroke may be varied as desired. The throttle valve 8| located in the 5 exhaust pipe line I6 may serve not only as a stop and start valve but also as a throttle valve to regulate and govern the speed of reciprocation of the piston I2 by controlling the exhaust of fluid from the motor I0. When it is desired to start the motor, the valve 8| is opened to the desired extent to start the motor and to obtain the desired motor speed.

It' will thus be seen that there has been provided by this invention apparatus in which the 15 various objects hereinabove set forth together with many thoroughly practical advantages are successfully achieved. As many possible embodiments may be made of the above invention and as many changes might be made in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter hereinbefore set forth or shown in the accompanying. drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1. In a fluid motor, a casing, a cylinder formed therein, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder, a piston rod having one end connected to move with said piston and the other end projecting from said casing, a hollow piston type pilot valve slidably mounted in said casing, a piston type reversing valve slidably mounted Within said hollow pilot valve which is arranged to reverse the flow of fluid to said cylinder, and means actuated by said piston simultaneously to shift the pilot and reverse valve so as to change the direction of flow of fluid under pressure which serves to complete the shifting of the reversing valve.

2. In a fluid motor, a casing, a cylinder formed therein, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder, a piston rod one end of which is fixedly connected to said piston and the other end of which projects from said casing, a piston type pilot valve longitudinally movable in said casing and arranged to slide axially in a direction partype shuttle valve slidably mounted within said central bore in the pilot valve which is arranged to reverse the flow of fluid to said cylinder, and

flow of fluid under pressure.

3. In a fluid motor, a casing, a cylinder formed therein, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder, a piston rod having one end flxed to said piston and the other end projecting outside said casing, a valve actuating member adjustably mounted on said rod, a piston type pilot valve slidably mounted in said casing and having a valve stem projecting therefrom, a cylindrical bore in said valve, adjustable dogs on said pilot valve stem operatively connected to move said pilot valve, and a piston type shuttle valve slidably mounted within said bore in the pilot valve which is arranged to reverse the flow of fluid under pressure to said cylinder, said shuttle valve being moved with and by said pilot valve and the reverse movement of the shuttle valve being completed by fluid under pressure.

. WALLACE H. WOOD.

45 allel tosaid cylinder, a longitudinally extending q cylindrical bore within said pilot valve, a piston 

